Difference Between ADD and ADHD: Understanding the Key Distinctions
Introduction
Many people use the terms ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) and ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) interchangeably, but are they really the same thing? If you’re searching for the difference between ADD and ADHD, you’re not alone.
For years, ADD was commonly used to describe individuals with attention issues but without hyperactivity. However, the term ADD is now outdated—the official medical term used today is ADHD. Despite this, many people still refer to ADD when talking about a specific type of ADHD.
In this article, we’ll break down:
- What ADD and ADHD mean
- The differences between ADD and ADHD
- How ADHD is officially classified today
- Symptoms of each ADHD type
- Diagnosis and treatment options
By the end of this guide, you’ll have a clear understanding of the difference between ADD and ADHD and how to seek proper diagnosis and treatment.
What Is the Difference Between ADD and ADHD?
ADD vs. ADHD: Are They the Same?
- ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) was an older term used to describe inattentive ADHD, where a person struggles with focus but does not show hyperactivity.
- ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is the official medical diagnosis and includes three different types, one of which resembles ADD.
In 1994, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) updated its diagnostic terminology in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). They eliminated ADD as a separate condition and classified it under ADHD with different subtypes.
Current ADHD Subtypes
Today, ADHD is divided into three main types:
- ADHD – Inattentive Type (Previously Called ADD)
- Individuals mainly struggle with focus, forgetfulness, and organization but do not exhibit hyperactivity.
- ADHD – Hyperactive-Impulsive Type
- Symptoms include excessive movement, impulsivity, and difficulty sitting still, but not necessarily inattention.
- ADHD – Combined Type
- The most common type, featuring a mix of inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms.
So, when people ask for the difference between ADD and ADHD, they are usually referring to the difference between Inattentive ADHD (formerly ADD) and the other types of ADHD.
Symptoms of ADD vs. ADHD
While all types of ADHD involve challenges with attention and executive functioning, the main difference is the presence (or absence) of hyperactivity and impulsivity.
Symptoms of Inattentive ADHD (Previously Called ADD)
People with Inattentive ADHD mainly struggle with focus, organization, and processing information. They do not typically exhibit hyperactive behaviors.
Common Symptoms of Inattentive ADHD (ADD):
- Easily distracted by small noises or movements
- Trouble following instructions or completing tasks
- Frequently forgetful (misplacing items, missing appointments)
- Daydreaming or “zoning out” in conversations
- Difficulty organizing tasks and staying on schedule
- Avoiding tasks that require sustained mental effort
- Trouble processing information quickly
Since hyperactivity is not present, inattentive ADHD (ADD) is often overlooked, especially in girls and adults.
Symptoms of Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD
People with this type of ADHD struggle more with physical restlessness and impulsivity than with focus.
Common Symptoms of Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD:
- Fidgeting, tapping hands, or squirming in seat
- Inability to stay seated when expected
- Talking excessively and interrupting others
- Difficulty waiting their turn in conversations or activities
- Acting without thinking (impulsive decision-making)
- Constantly “on the go” as if driven by a motor
This type of ADHD is more recognizable in children, especially boys, which is why it is often diagnosed earlier than inattentive ADHD.
Symptoms of Combined ADHD
People with Combined Type ADHD experience both inattentive and hyperactive symptoms.
Common Symptoms of Combined ADHD:
- Easily distracted and forgetful
- Hyperactive and impulsive
- Difficulty focusing on tasks
- Restlessness and excessive movement
- Poor time management and disorganization
This is the most common ADHD type and is often diagnosed earlier in life because the hyperactivity makes symptoms more noticeable.
How ADD and ADHD Affect Children vs. Adults
ADHD in Children
- More obvious hyperactive symptoms in boys
- Girls may be underdiagnosed due to inattentive symptoms
- Difficulties in schoolwork, following directions, and impulse control
ADHD in Adults
- Adults with Inattentive ADHD (ADD) may be misdiagnosed with anxiety or depression
- Struggles with organization, time management, and career responsibilities
- Higher likelihood of relationship difficulties due to forgetfulness and impulsivity
Getting a Diagnosis: ADD vs. ADHD Testing
If you suspect ADHD (or previously ADD) in yourself or your child, getting an accurate diagnosis is the first step toward effective treatment.
Who Diagnoses ADHD?
- Psychiatrists (Can diagnose and prescribe medication)
- Psychologists (Can diagnose but cannot prescribe medication)
- Pediatricians & Primary Care Doctors (May diagnose and prescribe, but often refer to specialists)
What Tests Are Used for ADHD?
- Clinical interviews with the patient and family
- Behavioral rating scales (e.g., Vanderbilt ADHD Rating Scale, Conners Rating Scale)
- Cognitive and executive function tests (to assess focus and impulsivity)
Can You Self-Diagnose ADHD?
While online ADHD quizzes can help identify symptoms, a professional evaluation is needed for a real diagnosis.
Treatment for ADHD (Including Formerly ADD)
Once diagnosed, ADHD can be managed through medication, therapy, lifestyle changes, and coaching.
1. ADHD Medications
ADHD is often treated with stimulant or non-stimulant medications.
| Medication Type | Examples | Best For |
|---|---|---|
| Stimulants | Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse | All ADHD types |
| Non-Stimulants | Strattera, Intuniv, Wellbutrin | Inattentive ADHD (ADD) & those sensitive to stimulants |
2. Behavioral Therapy & Coaching
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) – Helps with focus, emotional regulation, and organization.
- ADHD Coaching – Teaches time management and productivity strategies.
3. Lifestyle Changes for ADHD
- Exercise – Boosts dopamine levels and improves focus.
- Diet & Nutrition – High-protein, low-sugar diets can support brain function.
- Mindfulness & Meditation – Helps with impulse control and stress management.
Conclusion: Key Takeaways on ADD vs. ADHD
- ADD is an outdated term—today, it is called Inattentive ADHD.
- ADHD has three subtypes: Inattentive, Hyperactive-Impulsive, and Combined.
- People with ADD (Inattentive ADHD) struggle with focus but aren’t hyperactive.
- Diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving daily life.
If you or a loved one experiences ADHD symptoms, seek an evaluation to explore treatment options that can help you thrive.
Think you have ADHD? Find a specialist today!
1. Is ADD still a medical diagnosis?
No. ADD is now considered a subtype of ADHD—specifically, Inattentive ADHD.
2. Can you have ADHD without hyperactivity?
Yes. This is called Inattentive ADHD (formerly ADD). It primarily affects focus, organization, and memory.
3. Do ADHD symptoms change with age?
Yes! Many people with hyperactive ADHD as children become less hyperactive as adults, but inattentive symptoms may persist.
4. What happens if ADHD is left untreated?
Untreated ADHD can lead to:
Academic struggles
Job difficulties
Relationship problems
Increased risk of anxiety and depression